IPC 178 → BNS 217: Refusing Oath

Quick Summary: IPC 178 vs BNS 217

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, which came into force on 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. Under the new criminal law framework, IPC Section 178 (Refusing Oath) is now mapped to BNS Section 217.

What did IPC 178 cover?

IPC 178 dealt with refusing oath — refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial relating to this offence in India was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 217: What changed in the new law?

No major change. From 1 July 2024, all new criminal complaints relating to refusing oath are filed under BNS Section 217. Cases registered before 1 July 2024 will, however, continue to be tried under the old IPC provisions as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 217

Same - Up to 6 months

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: While drafting bail applications, vakalatnamas and written statements for offences registered after 1 July 2024, cite BNS 217 instead of IPC 178.
• Police officers: Use BNS 217 as the substantive offence in new FIRs; procedure is governed by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS).
• Law students & citizens: For competitive exams, judicial services and general awareness, remember the IPC 178 ↔ BNS 217 mapping.