IPC 425 → BNS 324(1): Mischief Definition

Quick Summary: IPC 425 vs BNS 324(1)

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, which came into force on 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. Under the new criminal law framework, IPC Section 425 (Mischief Definition) is now mapped to BNS Section 324(1).

What did IPC 425 cover?

IPC 425 dealt with mischief definition — definition of mischief (causing wrongful loss or damage to property). Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial relating to this offence in India was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 324(1): What changed in the new law?

Consolidated definition. From 1 July 2024, all new criminal complaints relating to mischief definition are filed under BNS Section 324(1). Cases registered before 1 July 2024 will, however, continue to be tried under the old IPC provisions as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 324(1)

N/A - Definition

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: While drafting bail applications, vakalatnamas and written statements for offences registered after 1 July 2024, cite BNS 324(1) instead of IPC 425.
• Police officers: Use BNS 324(1) as the substantive offence in new FIRs; procedure is governed by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS).
• Law students & citizens: For competitive exams, judicial services and general awareness, remember the IPC 425 ↔ BNS 324(1) mapping.