IPC 198 → BNS 235: Using False Certificate

Quick Summary: IPC 198 vs BNS 235

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, which came into force on 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. Under the new criminal law framework, IPC Section 198 (Using False Certificate) is now mapped to BNS Section 235.

What did IPC 198 cover?

IPC 198 dealt with using false certificate — using as true a certificate known to be false. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial relating to this offence in India was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 235: What changed in the new law?

Punished as giving false evidence. From 1 July 2024, all new criminal complaints relating to using false certificate are filed under BNS Section 235. Cases registered before 1 July 2024 will, however, continue to be tried under the old IPC provisions as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 235

Same

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: While drafting bail applications, vakalatnamas and written statements for offences registered after 1 July 2024, cite BNS 235 instead of IPC 198.
• Police officers: Use BNS 235 as the substantive offence in new FIRs; procedure is governed by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS).
• Law students & citizens: For competitive exams, judicial services and general awareness, remember the IPC 198 ↔ BNS 235 mapping.