IPC 84 → BNS 22: Unsound Mind

Quick Summary: IPC 84 vs BNS 22

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, which came into force on 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. Under the new criminal law framework, IPC Section 84 (Unsound Mind) is now mapped to BNS Section 22.

What did IPC 84 cover?

IPC 84 dealt with unsound mind — act of a person of unsound mind. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial relating to this offence in India was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 22: What changed in the new law?

Refers to 'mental illness' in broader legal context. From 1 July 2024, all new criminal complaints relating to unsound mind are filed under BNS Section 22. Cases registered before 1 July 2024 will, however, continue to be tried under the old IPC provisions as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 22

N/A - General Exception

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: While drafting bail applications, vakalatnamas and written statements for offences registered after 1 July 2024, cite BNS 22 instead of IPC 84.
• Police officers: Use BNS 22 as the substantive offence in new FIRs; procedure is governed by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS).
• Law students & citizens: For competitive exams, judicial services and general awareness, remember the IPC 84 ↔ BNS 22 mapping.