IPC 496 → BNS 84: Fraudulent Marriage

Quick Summary: IPC 496 vs BNS 84

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, which came into force on 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. Under the new criminal law framework, IPC Section 496 (Fraudulent Marriage) is now mapped to BNS Section 84.

What did IPC 496 cover?

IPC 496 dealt with fraudulent marriage — marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial relating to this offence in India was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 84: What changed in the new law?

No major change. From 1 July 2024, all new criminal complaints relating to fraudulent marriage are filed under BNS Section 84. Cases registered before 1 July 2024 will, however, continue to be tried under the old IPC provisions as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 84

Same - Up to 7 years

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: While drafting bail applications, vakalatnamas and written statements for offences registered after 1 July 2024, cite BNS 84 instead of IPC 496.
• Police officers: Use BNS 84 as the substantive offence in new FIRs; procedure is governed by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS).
• Law students & citizens: For competitive exams, judicial services and general awareness, remember the IPC 496 ↔ BNS 84 mapping.