IPC 295A → BNS 299: Insulting Religion

Quick Summary: IPC 295A vs BNS 299

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, which came into force on 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. Under the new criminal law framework, IPC Section 295A (Insulting Religion) is now mapped to BNS Section 299.

What did IPC 295A cover?

IPC 295A dealt with insulting religion — deliberate acts to outrage religious feelings. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial relating to this offence in India was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 299: What changed in the new law?

Includes electronic communication. From 1 July 2024, all new criminal complaints relating to insulting religion are filed under BNS Section 299. Cases registered before 1 July 2024 will, however, continue to be tried under the old IPC provisions as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 299

Enhanced - Up to 3 years with fine

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: While drafting bail applications, vakalatnamas and written statements for offences registered after 1 July 2024, cite BNS 299 instead of IPC 295A.
• Police officers: Use BNS 299 as the substantive offence in new FIRs; procedure is governed by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS).
• Law students & citizens: For competitive exams, judicial services and general awareness, remember the IPC 295A ↔ BNS 299 mapping.