IPC 306 → BNS 108: Abetment of Suicide

Quick Summary: IPC 306 vs BNS 108

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, in force since 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. IPC 306 deals with abetment of suicide, part of the IPC's offences affecting the human body — homicide, hurt, wrongful restraint, criminal force, kidnapping and sexual offences, the largest group in the code. The BNS renumbers abetment of suicide as BNS 108 and, for several sexual and grievous-hurt offences, enhances the punishment.

What did IPC 306 cover?

IPC 306 dealt with abetment of suicide — abetment of suicide. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial for this offence was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 108: What changed in the new law?

Added cyber-bullying provisions. From 1 July 2024, new complaints relating to abetment of suicide are filed under BNS Section 108, while cases registered earlier continue under the old IPC provision as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 108

Same - Up to 10 years with fine

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: For abetment of suicide, the grading of the offence — and therefore bail and forum — turns on intention, the degree of hurt and aggravating factors; map IPC 306 carefully to BNS 108.
• Police officers: Record the nature and degree of injury and the weapon or means used; a new abetment of suicide FIR is filed under BNS 108.
• Law students & citizens: Punishment for abetment of suicide rises sharply with the seriousness of the harm and the victim — the IPC 306 to BNS 108 change does not lower it.