IPC 289 → BNS 291: Negligence (Animal)

Quick Summary: IPC 289 vs BNS 291

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, which came into force on 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. Under the new criminal law framework, IPC Section 289 (Negligence (Animal)) is now mapped to BNS Section 291.

What did IPC 289 cover?

IPC 289 dealt with negligence (animal) — negligent conduct with respect to animal. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial relating to this offence in India was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 291: What changed in the new law?

Includes dog bite cases mostly. From 1 July 2024, all new criminal complaints relating to negligence (animal) are filed under BNS Section 291. Cases registered before 1 July 2024 will, however, continue to be tried under the old IPC provisions as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 291

Same - Up to 6 months

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: While drafting bail applications, vakalatnamas and written statements for offences registered after 1 July 2024, cite BNS 291 instead of IPC 289.
• Police officers: Use BNS 291 as the substantive offence in new FIRs; procedure is governed by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS).
• Law students & citizens: For competitive exams, judicial services and general awareness, remember the IPC 289 ↔ BNS 291 mapping.