IPC 228 → BNS 267: Insult to Court

Quick Summary: IPC 228 vs BNS 267

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, in force since 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. IPC 228 addresses insult to court, part of the IPC's offences against public justice — false evidence, fabrication, screening offenders and similar interference with the justice process. These are carried into the BNS with the same structure, and insult to court is now prosecuted as BNS 267, protecting the integrity of investigations and trials in its own right.

What did IPC 228 cover?

IPC 228 dealt with insult to court — intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial for this offence was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 267: What changed in the new law?

No major change. From 1 July 2024, new complaints relating to insult to court are filed under BNS Section 267, while cases registered earlier continue under the old IPC provision as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 267

Same - Up to 6 months

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: In a insult to court matter, intention and the materiality of the false statement are decisive; ensure the complaint cites BNS 267 and meets the pre-conditions for prosecuting court-related offences.
• Police officers: Document the false statement or fabricated evidence precisely — the insult to court offence is now BNS 267.
• Law students & citizens: Lying on oath, forging evidence or helping an offender escape — the conduct behind insult to court — is punishable separately from the main case.