IPC 121A → BNS 148: Conspiracy to Wage War

Quick Summary: IPC 121A vs BNS 148

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, which came into force on 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. Under the new criminal law framework, IPC Section 121A (Conspiracy to Wage War) is now mapped to BNS Section 148.

What did IPC 121A cover?

IPC 121A dealt with conspiracy to wage war — conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 121. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial relating to this offence in India was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 148: What changed in the new law?

No major change. From 1 July 2024, all new criminal complaints relating to conspiracy to wage war are filed under BNS Section 148. Cases registered before 1 July 2024 will, however, continue to be tried under the old IPC provisions as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 148

Same - Life or up to 10 years

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: While drafting bail applications, vakalatnamas and written statements for offences registered after 1 July 2024, cite BNS 148 instead of IPC 121A.
• Police officers: Use BNS 148 as the substantive offence in new FIRs; procedure is governed by the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS).
• Law students & citizens: For competitive exams, judicial services and general awareness, remember the IPC 121A ↔ BNS 148 mapping.