IPC 31 → BNS 2(34): A Will

Quick Summary: IPC 31 vs BNS 2(34)

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, in force since 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. IPC 31 (A Will) is among the offences re-enacted by the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, which reorganises and renumbers the old Indian Penal Code while keeping the core ingredients intact. A Will now maps to BNS 2(34), and the position below reflects the current bare act.

What did IPC 31 cover?

IPC 31 dealt with a will — definition of a will. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial for this offence was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 2(34): What changed in the new law?

Includes electronic wills. From 1 July 2024, new complaints relating to a will are filed under BNS Section 2(34), while cases registered earlier continue under the old IPC provision as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 2(34)

N/A - Definition

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: For a will, cite the current provision BNS 2(34) rather than the repealed IPC 31 in all matters arising on or after 1 July 2024.
• Police officers: Register new a will FIRs under BNS 2(34); procedure follows the BNSS.
• Law students & citizens: Use the IPC 31 to BNS 2(34) mapping when checking your position on a will under the new law.