IPC 309 → BNS Deleted: Attempt to Suicide

Quick Summary: IPC 309 vs BNS Deleted

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, in force since 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. IPC 309 deals with attempt to suicide, part of the IPC's offences affecting the human body — homicide, hurt, wrongful restraint, criminal force, kidnapping and sexual offences, the largest group in the code. The BNS renumbers attempt to suicide as BNS Deleted and, for several sexual and grievous-hurt offences, enhances the punishment.

What did IPC 309 cover?

IPC 309 dealt with attempt to suicide — attempt to commit suicide. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial for this offence was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS Deleted: What changed in the new law?

Deleted as a general offence; restricted to restraining public officials (BNS 226). From 1 July 2024, new complaints relating to attempt to suicide are filed under BNS Section Deleted, while cases registered earlier continue under the old IPC provision as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS Deleted

Decriminalized (Mostly)

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: For attempt to suicide, the grading of the offence — and therefore bail and forum — turns on intention, the degree of hurt and aggravating factors; map IPC 309 carefully to BNS Deleted.
• Police officers: Record the nature and degree of injury and the weapon or means used; a new attempt to suicide FIR is filed under BNS Deleted.
• Law students & citizens: Punishment for attempt to suicide rises sharply with the seriousness of the harm and the victim — the IPC 309 to BNS Deleted change does not lower it.