IPC 399 → BNS 310(4): Preparation Dacoity

Quick Summary: IPC 399 vs BNS 310(4)

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, in force since 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. IPC 399 (Preparation Dacoity) is one of the IPC's offences against property — theft, extortion, robbery, dacoity, criminal breach of trust, cheating, mischief and criminal trespass. The BNS keeps this structure and adds a distinct provision for snatching, renumbering preparation dacoity as BNS 310(4).

What did IPC 399 cover?

IPC 399 dealt with preparation dacoity — making preparation to commit dacoity. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial for this offence was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 310(4): What changed in the new law?

No major change. From 1 July 2024, new complaints relating to preparation dacoity are filed under BNS Section 310(4), while cases registered earlier continue under the old IPC provision as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 310(4)

Same - Up to 10 years

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: For preparation dacoity, the dividing lines — theft versus extortion, cheating versus breach of trust — decide the charge; confirm the BNS 310(4) mapping before drafting.
• Police officers: Establish dishonest intention and the manner of taking; a new preparation dacoity FIR cites BNS 310(4).
• Law students & citizens: With preparation dacoity, value, the manner of taking and any force used determine which property offence applies and how serious it is.